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Purple drank is a slang appellation for a recreational drug popular in the hip-hop community of the southern United States. Its main ingredient is medicine-strength cough syrup containing codeine and promethazine. Cough syrup is typically half-bred with ingredients such as Sprite soft drink and pieces of Jolly Rancher bon-bons. The purplish hue of purple drank comes from dyes in the cough syrup.

There are numerous slang terms for purple drank, including sizzurp , slim , syrup , drank , barre , and purple jelly .

History

Houston, Texas, business DJ Screw first popularized the concoction, which is widely attributed as a source of energy for the "chopped and screwed" style of hip hop music. Originally, the active ingredient of "syrup" was cough syrup containing promethazine and codeine. The concoction firstly gained popularity in the underground Houston rap scene and later spread to other southern states.

In June 2000, Three 6 Mafia's isolated "Sippin' on Some Syrup," featuring UGK brought the term "purple drank" to a nationwide audience. Three 6 Mafia's singular "Rainbow Colors" featuring Lil' Flip pertains to the consumption of purple drank; the reckoning of a Jolly Rancher candy to a cup of purple drank creates a spectrum of colors, this place the name. "Rainbow colors" can also refer to a mix of different narcotic cough syrups containing codeine, hydrocodone, and many other anti-histamines, expectorants, and such. So-called "yellow syrup" is a combine of XR hydrocodone and atropine or chlorpheniramine and "pink syrup" is Cheratussin AC brand codeine and guaifenesin. Cheratussin AC (and other nearly the same brands), is legal in some states (i.e. Washington state) for over-the-counter acquisition, is sometimes seen as an alternative to purple and yellow syrup.

In 2004, the University of Texas inaugurate that 8.3% of secondary school students in Texas had taken codeine syrup to get squeaky. The Drug Enforcement Administration reports "busts" involving syrup across the southern In accord States, particularly in Texas and Florida. Its use has spread to other parts of the United States and the world, including Mexico, Canada, the Philippines, Common Kingdom, Vietnam, India, Israel, and Russia.

Ingredients

The most popular pattern of codeine syrup is promethazine-codeine, a Schedule V prescription cough syrup. The busy ingredients are codeine, a narcotic, and the antihistamine medication promethazine, which is used in this specifically mixture to counteract postnarcotic nausea. When taken in large quantities, both medications can incline to sedation and altered levels of consciousness. The addition of these antihistamines are also added to intimidate abuse (in doses higher than recommended, effects produce extreme somnolence, failing and may even cause fatal respiratory depression). In lower doses, these potentiate the opiates.

Recipe cough syrups containing hydrocodone are also used to make drank, despite the fact that they are less popular. Songs like "Sippin' on Some Syrup" by Three 6 Mafia refer to Tussionex, a yellow cough syrup containing extended-let go hydrocodone and chlorpheniramine (another antihistamine). Other hydrocodone-containing syrups such as Histinex HC, Hycotuss, and Hycodan may also be acclimatized but have the addition of Atropine to deter abuse. Syrup also is made with throughout-the-counter cough syrups such as Robitussin DM, which contain dextromethorphan as the cough suppressant. Although dextromethorphan is hand-me-down recreationally, it has dissociative effects as opposed to narcotic. Dextromethorphan, a synthetic morphine analog, has been on the market since the 1960s and acts as a cough suppressant when enchanted in small doses of 15 to 30 mg. In larger amounts it promotes a disassociative articulate with hallucinations similar to the effects of PCP or ketamine. There are about 100 varieties of this offshoot, most containing dextromethorphan hydrobromide.

Promethazine-codeine contains 10 mg of codeine and 6.25 mg of promethazine per 5 mL. Users ingest unmercifully 120-250 mg of codeine with this dose. Unfortunately, this means also ingesting a goodly amount of sedating Promethazine. When hydrocodone is substituted, the dose can be overwhelming at higher low-class doses, leading to vomiting and other mild opiate overdose symptoms(or Atropine overdose, commonly on the wrong track for opiate overdose).

The brand of the promethazine-codeine most referred to by the southern rap position was manufactured by Alpharma Inc. and is a dark brown bottle with a white and purple imprint. In late 2005 Alpharma was purchased by Actavis, which took over the bottling and manufacturing of all Alpharma restorative liquids including the promethazine-codeine syrup. The bottle now has a red and white label with the Actavis logo.

Mentions in music

In totalling to its popularization in the music of DJ Screw and Three 6 Mafia, the mixture has been referenced in lyrics of other rappers. It is the citizen of UGK's "Sippin and Spinnin" and "Purple Drank", as well as tracks by D12, Big Moe, Paul Go bust enclose, Mike Jones, T.I., Rick Ross, Lil' Flip, Lil' Wayne, Fat Joe, Three Six Mafia, Beanie Sigel, Draft Pat, Chamillionaire, Slim Thug, Fat Pat, Frayser Boy, Z-Ro, Kanye West, Youngbloodz and Trae.

In a stream freestyle featuring Lil Keke, Paul Wall states that he is, "High as a kite on cloud nine, I'm leanin' exacting and movin' slow. I'm fightin' sleep and dozin' off, sippin' this drank to course of treatment my cough, I can't think my mind is blank, pardon me but I'm throwed off."

New Orleans rapper Lil' Wayne generally mentions drinking purple drank. In the Duffle Bag Boy music video he can be seen holding a Styrofoam cup with "RIP DJ Mishandle" written on it. In the remix to "Throw Some D's" on his mixtape Da Drought 3 he claims "I'm not a rookie, I'm a pro..methazine fiend" as soundly as stating "You know what's in my Styrofoam...what? S-Y-R-UP." He also mentions the substance in the ado DJ Khaled's "We Takin' Over," saying "I like my Sprite Easter pink," and in the spoor "Barry Bonds" from Kanye West's Graduation album, "My drink is even pinker than the Easter Rabbit", overt references to the color of the beverage. In the album Tha Carter III, the to-do "Phone Home", includes the lyrics "I'm used to promethazine, in two cups, I'm screwed up". His bother "Me and My Drank" is dedicated to his use of purple drank and the song "Kush" mentions purple drank in the underline "Keep a bandanna like the Ninja Turtles, I'm like a turtle, when I sip the purple."

References to the pith are appearing in other musical genres. Southern punk band Black Lips' ado I Saw A Ghost (Lean) is about a trip on purple drank. In the Pussycat Dolls music video for "Repress Pop," one of the group members drinks from a purple can labeled "Drank."

Notable deaths from use

Purple drank is confirmed or suspected to play a joke on caused the deaths of several prominent users. Respiratory depression is a potentially moment or fatal adverse drug reaction associated with the use of codeine, but mainly the jeopardy likely to be lies in the much more potent and CNS-depresssing phenothiazine Promethazine. This dip is dose-related and is the mechanism for the potentially fatal consequences of overdose: respiratory or cardiac forestall.

DJ Screw, who popularized the codeine-based drink, died of a suspected Codeine-Promethazine-demon rum overdose on November 15 , 2000 , several months after the video to Three 6 Mafia's separate debuted.

Big Moe, a DJ Screw protegé whose albums City of Syrup and Purple Universe were based on the drink, died at age 33 on October 14 , 2007 after suffering a stomach attack one week earlier that left him in a coma. There was speculation that purple drank may set up contributed to his death.

Pimp C, widely influential Port Arthur, Texas rapper and a colleague of rap duo UGK, was found dead on December 4 , 2007 , at the Mondrian Hotel in West Hollywood, California. The Los Angeles County Coroner's job reported that the rapper's death was "due to promethazine/codeine effects and other unestablished factors." Ed Winter, go out with chief of the coroner's office, said the levels of the medication were elevated, but not satisfactorily to deem the death an overdose. However, Pimp C had a history of sleep apnea, a shape that causes one to stop breathing for short periods during sleep. "In tandem with that malady, the cough medication very likely suppressed the artist's breathing long enough to bring on his death," Winter said.

Other notable incidents

In September 2006, Terrence Kiel, a San Diego Chargers gamester, was arrested during practice for the possession with intent to sell prescription cough syrup for use in making the hard stuff. Kiel was caught trying to ship a case of syrup to a friend via Fed Ex. Kiel was charged with two felony counts of transporting a controlled meat and three counts of possession for sale of a controlled substance.

Commercial products

In June 2008 Innovative Beverage Congregation, a publicly traded company based in Houston (Other OTC:IBGH.PK), released a beverage called "Drank." The commercial result contains no codeine or promethazine, but claims to "Slow Your Roll" with a suspension of herbal ingredients such as valerian root, melatonin and rose hips..

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Peters Ronald J. Jr.; Steven H. Kelder, Christine M. Markham, George S. Yacoubian, Jr., Lecresha A. Peters and Artist Ellis (2003). "Beliefs and group norms about codeine and promethazine hydrochloride cough syrup (CPHCS) genesis and perceived addiction among urban Houstonian adolescents: an addiction course in the city of lean.". Journal of drug education 33 (4): 415–25. doi: 10.2190/NXJ6-U60J-XTY0-09MP . PMID 15237866, doi:{{{id}}}.  
2. ^ ^{a b} Walker, Yolanda ( 2006-10-20 ). "Anaesthetize-laced cough syrup tempts Texas teens". WFAA . http://www.wfaa.com/sharedcontent/dws/wfaa/latestnews/stories/wfaa061020_lj_syrup.5a02f76f.html . Retrieved on 2006-10-28 .  
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f} Leinwand, Donna ( 2006-10-18 ). "DEA warns of turn down drink-cough syrup mix". USA Today . http://www.usatoday.com/news/domain/2006-10-18-lean_x.htm?csp=34 . Retrieved on 2006-10-23 .  
4. ^ ^{a b c d} "Cough syrup cited in rapper Pimp C's termination". LATimes.com. 2008-02-05 . http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/california/la-me-pimpc5feb05,1,2095205.release . Retrieved on 2008-03-15 .  
5. ^ ^{a b c d e} Bryan Robinson, Cough Syrup Abuse in Texas Takes Center Organize, ABC News, August 17, 2005
6. ^ Richard Klemme, USE OF PROMETHAZINE WITH CODEINE SYRUP: COUGH/Frigid EPIDEMIC OR SIGNIFICANT ABUSE?, Texas State Board of Pharmacy Newsletter, Measure XXV , Number 2, Spring 2001. The name "lean" refers to "abusers’ propensity of having problem in standing up straight."
7. ^ ^{a b} Demby, Eric ( 2001-01-11 ). "Codeine Overdose Killed DJ Screw, Medical Examiner Says". MTV.com . http://www.mtv.com/word/articles/1437883/20010111/story.jhtml . Retrieved on 2006-10-28 .  
8. ^ ^{a b} Corcoran, Michael Joseph (2005). "The Geto Boys and DJ Make a muck-up of: Where the Dirty South Began". All Over the Map: True Heroes of Texas Music (1st ed. ed.). Austin: University of Texas Pressure. pp. 23–26. ISBN 0-292-70976-5.  
9. ^ Tussionex (Hydrocodone and Chlorpheniramine) drug description - FDA approved labeling for recipe drugs and medications at RxList
10. ^ Phenergan with Codeine medical facts from Drugs.com
11. ^ Actavis Union acquires Alpharma generics business By Wai Lang Chu, in-pharmatechnologist.com, 21-Dec-2005
12. ^ DJs - Rapper Big Moe Dies, contactmusic.com, 15/10/2007
13. ^ Houston rappers keep in mind Big Moe, by Eyder Peralta, Houston Chronicle, Oct. 16, 2007
14. ^ Chargers safety Kiel arrested on psychedelic charges, USA Today , September 28, 2006
15. ^ "'Slow Your Roll' With DRANK From Innovative Beverage Set apart -- the World's First Extreme Lifestyle Relaxation Beverage". Yahoo. 2008-06-10 . http://biz.yahoo.com/pz/080610/144371.html . Retrieved on 2008-09-16 .  When I evaluate of spring I think of nature renaissence, of a brand new start for people, of joy for life and of cheeriness. Spring is the perfect season for adjusting your way of living, for eating healthier end for spending more unceasingly a once outdoors. Here are some ideas on how to take advantage at maximum of the good things spring offers us 1. For a incomparable source of fiber, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and phytochemicals opt for fresh vegetables. Become interested advantage of the wonderful time you find in the sunny days and go in the park with your m or with a friend or two. This will definitely wake you up from your winter be in the land of Nod. Watch out for the seasonal cold. You might believe that winter is the best opportunity ripe to catch a cold, but you are quite wrong. Especially during the spring most of the people with a debilitated immune system catch a cold or even flu. So the best thing to do will be to shun for a few more weeks the crowded places that can expose you more intensely to viruses. Balance out if some might be happy that spring is finally here, not all of us can live this wonderful consciousness due to spring allergies. Protect your nose, lips and ears as they wait on to get burned a lot more easily. Organize you time so that you can finish your continually chars at work or at school and still be able to go in the park for relaxation. The idea is to do a plan of how you are going to spent your day and stick to it. In this way you will not have any problems with your boss and you make be able to enjoy every moment of this spring. Related postsWinter manipulate gain will no longer be a problem with these 4 wonderful ideas During the coryza season a lot of people seem to. Winter affections Laryngitis or the loss of voice Although the cheerless season has its joyful moments that we. How to take care of the skin during the stone-cold season As summer seems to be ending and fall gets to.
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